Disease

Liver disease refers to a range of conditions that impair the liver’s ability to function properly. The liver is a vital organ responsible for processes such as detoxifying the blood, producing bile for digestion, and storing nutrients. Liver diseases can vary in severity, from mild conditions to life-threatening ones.

Common Types of Liver Diseases

  1. Hepatitis

    • Types: Hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E (caused by viruses)
    • Causes: Viral infection, alcohol use, toxins, or autoimmune conditions
    • Symptoms: Fatigue, jaundice, abdominal pain, nausea, and dark urine

  2. Fatty Liver Disease

    • Types: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and alcoholic fatty liver disease (AFLD)
    • Causes: Obesity, high cholesterol, alcohol consumption, or insulin resistance
    • Symptoms: Often asymptomatic, but may include fatigue and discomfort in the upper right abdomen

  3. Cirrhosis

    • A late stage of scarring (fibrosis) of the liver caused by long-term liver damage
    • Causes: Chronic alcohol abuse, hepatitis, or NAFLD
    • Symptoms: Fatigue, jaundice, easy bruising, fluid buildup, and confusion

    1. Hemochromatosis

      • A genetic condition causing iron overload in the liver
      • Symptoms: Fatigue, joint pain, and darkening of the skin

    2. Primary Biliary Cholangitis (PBC)

      • An autoimmune disease causing progressive damage to bile ducts
      • Symptoms: Itchy skin, dry eyes, and fatigue

    3. Liver Failure

      • Can be acute (sudden) or chronic (develops over time)
      • Causes: Overdose (e.g., acetaminophen), infections, or severe liver damage
      • Symptoms: Confusion, jaundice, and bleeding

  4. Risk Factors

    • Excessive alcohol consumption
    • Obesity and metabolic syndrome
    • Chronic viral hepatitis infections (B or C)
    • Genetic predispositions
    • Exposure to toxins or drugs

    Diagnosis

    • Blood tests (e.g., liver function tests, viral markers)
    • Imaging tests (ultrasound, CT, MRI)
    • Liver biopsy
    •  

    Prevention

    • Limit alcohol intake
    • Maintain a healthy weight and diet
    • Get vaccinated against hepatitis A and B
    • Avoid sharing needles or other items that may transmit infections

    If you have specific symptoms or concerns, consult a healthcare provider for a tailored diagnosis and treatment plan.